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Common refractory materials for kilns

Industrial kilns are mainly divided into glass kilns, cement kilns, coke ovens and ceramic kilns. What are the refractory materials required for these kilns?
1. Refractory materials for glass kilns have chemical erosion, mechanical erosion, temperature fluctuations and high temperature effects. The selection of kiln materials mainly includes the following series:
1. Al2O3-SiO2 series; mainly include clay bricks and silica bricks.
2. Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 series; mainly include zircon bricks and fused zirconium corundum bricks.
3. ZrO2-SiO2 series;
4. MgO-Al2O3, MgO-Cr2O3, MgO-Sioz series;
5. Insulation material
2. Refractory materials for cement kiln mainly include the following categories:
1. Alkaline refractories; the main varieties are: magnesia-chrome bricks, magnesia bricks, spinel bricks, dolomite bricks, etc. Magnesia-chrome bricks are divided into ordinary magnesia-chrome bricks, direct-bonded magnesia-chrome bricks, and semi-directly-bonded magnesia-chrome bricks.
2. Alumina-silicon refractories; in addition to general clay bricks and high-alumina bricks, they are mainly wear-resistant, alkali-resistant and temperature-resistant. Bricks, anti-stripping high alumina bricks and alkali-resistant semi-acid clay bricks, etc.
3. Insulation and refractory materials; mainly include silicic acid cover plates and lightweight insulation bricks.
4. Castables: mainly include high-strength and high-alkali castables, anti-skin castables, low-cement Refractory castables, special castables for kiln mouths, coal injection pipe castables, special castables for tertiary air ducts and wear-resistant castables.
3. Castable for ceramic kiln: The inner wall material of the kiln wall is required to be resistant to high temperature, and the type of refractory material selected is determined by the temperature at which the product is fired.
1. Use clay refractory bricks at temperatures below 1300 °C;
2. Use high alumina bricks at 1300～1400℃;
3. Use silica brick at 1400～1500℃;
4. Use magnesia-alumina bricks at 1500-1600 °C;
5. Use corundum brick below 1800℃.
4. Refractory materials for coke ovens
1. Refractory materials for carbonization chambers: Clay bricks were mostly used in the past, but now they tend to use high-quality high-alumina bricks, sillimanite bricks and andalusite bricks for masonry.
2. Refractory materials for combustion chamber: the combustion chamber and the carbonization chamber share the same furnace wall, and the bricks used are the same as those of the carbonization chamber.
3. Refractory materials are used for the top of the furnace; due to large temperature fluctuations around the coal-loading hole on the top of the furnace, clay bricks are used to build the furnace, and silica bricks are used to build other parts.
4. Refractory material for chute: The chute connects the combustion chamber with the regenerator, and the brick structure is required to be stable and resistant to thermal stress. Clay refractory bricks are used for small coke ovens, and silica bricks are used for large and medium coke ovens.
5. Refractory materials for regenerators: the single vertical wall, partition wall, bottom and lattice brick masonry of small coke ovens are built with clay bricks, and the middle and upper masonry of large and medium-sized coke oven regenerators are all made of silica bricks Masonry, so that the coke oven as a whole can evenly expand the hot chamber.
6. Refractory material for small flue. The small flue is located at the bottom of the regenerator and communicates with the flue. All small flues are lined with clay bricks.

The above is about the refractory materials used in industrial kilns. The masonry kilns are not only built with one kind of refractory materials, but also by a variety of refractory materials.

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